|
Poomsae : The Poomsae is a series of movements for offence and
defense techniques, which can be practiced and trained,
even without presence of an instructor, in accordance
with the fixed patterns.
Important parts of Poomsae Training
1. Understanding of the significance of Poomsae
2. A perfect movements and the direction of Poomsae lines.
3. Movement of the centre of balance
4. Strong power( Stance/twisting/relaxation )
5. Speed ( Fast and Slow, Strong and Soft, Natural movements)
6. Rhythm and Tempo
7. The eyes and respriation
8. Expression of Ki
The tenets of Taekwondo
1. Etiquette 2. Modesty 3. Perseverance
4. Self-control 5. Indomitable spirit.
Counting 1 - 10 in Korean
1) Hana 2) Dool 3) Set 4) Net 5) Dasut
6) Yausut 7) Ilgope 8) Youdul 9) Ahope 10) Yaul
Taekwondo basic motions
1. Seogi ( Stance ) ,
2. Makki ( Defense or Blocking ),
3. Jireugi ( Punching ),
4.Chigi ( Hitting, Striking ),
5. Taireugi (Thrusting ),
6. Chagi ( Kicking ).
1. Stance :
1) Naranhi seogi ( Parrellel stance )
2) Moa seogi ( Close stance ), Charyot (Attention )
3) Juchum seogi ( Riding stance )
4) Ap seogi ( Forward stance )
5) Ap Koobi ( Long Forward stance )
6) Dwitkubi ( Backward inflrction stance )
7) Beom seogi ( Tiger stance )
8) Haktari seogi ( Crane stance )
9) Oren seogi ( Right hand stance )
10) Wen seogi ( Left hand stance )
11) Koa seogi ( X stance )
12) Kyotdari seogi ( Assisting stance )
13) Ogeum seogi ( Reverse crane stance )
2. Makki ( Defense or Blocking )
Part of body
1) Arae Makki ( Low blocking )
2) Momtong Makki ( Body blocking )
3) Olgul makki ( Face blocking )
Direction
1) Bakkat makki ( Outer block )
2) An makki ( Inner block)
3) Yeop makki ( Side block )
Method
1) Hecho Makki
2) Eotgeoreo Makki
3) Geodeureo Makki
4) Santeul Makki
5) Keumgang Makki
6) Hwangso Makki
7) Gawi Makki
Part of Use
3. Jireugi ( Punching )
1) Baro jireugi ( Regular body punch )
2) Bandae jiregi ( Reverse punch )
3) Seweo jireugi ( Erected punch )
4) Jeocho jireugi ( backward fist punch )
5) Momtong jireugi ( Body punch )
6) Olgul jireugi ( face punch )
7) Area jireugi ( Low punch )
8) Yop jireugi ( Side punch )
9) Naero jireugi ( Downward punch )
10) Dollyo jireugi ( Short twist punch )
11) Chi jireugi ( Uppercut )
4. Chigi ( Hitting, Strike )
1) Ap chigi ( Back fist front strike )
2) Olgul bakkat chigi ( Outward face back fist strike )
3) Palkup dollyo chigi ( Turning elbow strike )
4) Palkup yop chigi ( Side elbow strike )
5) Mooreup Chigi ( Crash upward with the knee )
5. Tzireugi ( Thrusting )
1) Pyonsonkkeut sewo tzireugi
( Open hand fingertips thrust )
2) Pyonsonkkeut upeo tzireugi
( Turn over open hand fingertips thrust )
3) Pyonsonkkeut jeocho tzireugi
( Upward open hand fingertips thrust )
6. Chagi ( Kicking )
1) Ap chagi ( Front kick )
2) Yop chagi ( Size kick )
3) Dllyo chagi ( Roundhouse kick )
4) Bit chagi ( Half turning kick)
5) Milyo chagi ( Push kick )
6) Chigo chagi ( Axe kick )
7) Dwi chagi ( Back kick )
8) Bandae Dollyo chagi (Reverse Turning kick)
9) Bandae Hooryo chagi ( Reversing Hooking kick )
10) Pyojeok chagi ( Target kick )
11) Dubal dang seong ap chagi
12) Air turning pyojeok chagi
13) Twio chagi ( Jumping kick )
Poomses are sequences of combination techniques performed in a set order. They are representations of combat with imaginary multiple attacks converging from different directions. There are many different types of pattern, each containing a different mixture of techniques.
Poomsae ( Appox. Time ) ( No of Movement ) (Meaning)
Taegeuk 4 Jang 30 second 20 Thunder
Taegeuk 5 Jang 30-35 20 Wind
Taegeuk 6 Jang 35-40 20 Water
Taegeuk 7 Jang 35-40 25 Mountain
Taegeuk 8 Jang 35-40 24 Earth
Koryo 48-53 30 (Korea) is the name
of an ancient dynasty
Keumgang 60-65 27 Diamond
Taebaek 35-40 26 Mount Baekdoo
Pyongwon 30-35 25 Plain
Sipjin 63-68 31 Decimal
Jitae 50-60 28 Earth
(The origin & terminal of life)
Chonkwon 58-63 27 Sky
Hansu 40-45 27 Water
Ilyeo 40-45 24 Oneness
Poomsae KORYO
Koryo poomsae symbolizes "seonbae" which means a learned man, who is characterized by a strong martial sprit as well as a righteous learned man's sprit. The sprit had been inherited through the ages of Koryo, Palhae and down to Koryo, which is the background of organizing the Koryo poomsae. The new techniques appearing in this poomsae are kodeum-chagi, opeun-sonnal-bakkat-chigi, sonnal- arae-makki, khaljaebi-mureup-nullo-kkokki, momtong-hecho-makki, jumeok- pyojeok-jireugi, pyonson-kkeut-jecho-jireugi, batang-son-nullo-makki, palkup-yop-chagi, me-jumeok-arae-pyojeok-chigi, etc, which only black-belters can practice. The jumbi-seogi is the tong-milgi that requires mental concentration by positioning the hand in between the upper abdomen and the lower abdomen where "sin"[divine] and "jeong"[spirit] converge. The line of poomsae represents the Chinese letter, which means "seonbae" or "seonbi", a learned man or a man virtue in the Korean language.
Poomsae KEUMGANG
Keumgang [meaning diamond] has the significance of "hardness" and "ponder", The Keumgang Mountain on the Korean peninsula, which is regarded as the center of national spirit, and the "Keumgang Yeoksa"[Keumgang warrior] as named by Buddha, who represents the mightiest warrior, are the background of denominating this poomsae. New techniques introduced in this poomsae are batangson-teok-chigi, han-son-nal-momtong-an-makki, Keumgang-makki, santeoul-makki, kheun dol-tzogi [large hinge], and the hak-dari-seogi. The poomsae line is symbolic of the Chinese letter. The movement should be powerful and well balanced so as to befit the black belt's dignity.
Poomsae TAEBAEK
Taebaek is the name of a mountain with the meaning of "bright mountain", where Tangun, the founder of the nation of Korean people, reigned the country, and the bright mountain symbolizes sacredness of soul and Tangun's thought of "hongik ingan"[humanitarian ideal]. There are numerous sites known as Taebaek, but Mt. Paektu, which has been typically known as the cradle of Korean people, is the background naming the Taebaek poomsae. New techniques introduced in this poomsae are sonnal-arae-hecho-makki, sonnal-opeo-japki [grabbing], japhin-son-mok-ppaegi [pulling out the caught wrist], Kumkang-momtong-makki, deung-jumeok-olgul-bakkat-chigi, dol-tzeogi [hinge], etc. The line of poomsae is like a Chinese letter, which symbolized the bridge between the Heaven and the earth, signifying human beings founded the nation by the Heaven's order. The poomsae movements are largely composed of momtong-makkis and chigis.
Poomsae PYONGWON
Pyongwon means a plain that is a vast stretched-out land. It is the source of life for all the creatures and the field where human beings live their life. The poomsae Pyongwon was based on the idea of peace and struggle resulting from the principles of origin and use. The new techniques introduced in this poomsae are palkup-ollyo-chigi, kodureo- olgul-yop-makki, dangkyo-teok-jireugi, meongye-chigi, hecho-santeul-makki, etc. The jumbi-seogi is the moa-seogi-wen-kyop-son [left overlapping hands], which requires concentration of force in the beginning and source of human life. The line of poomsae means the origin and transformation of the plain.
Poomsae SIPJIN
The word "Sipjin" derived from the thought of 10 longevity, which advocates there are ten creatures of long life, namely, sun, moon, mountain, water, stone, pine-tree, herb of eternal youth, tortoise, deer, and crane. They are 2 heavenly bodies, 3 natural resources, 2 plants and 3 animals, all giving human beings faith, hope and love. The poomsae Sipjin symbolizes those things. The new techniques introduced in this poomsae are hwangso-makki [bull makki], son-badak[palm]-kodureo-makki, opeun-son-nal-jireugi, son-nal-arae-makki, bawi-milgi [rock pushing], son-nal-deung-momtong-hecho-makki, kodeo-olligi [lifting up], chettari-jireugi [fork-shape jireugi], son-nal-otkoreo-arae-makki, son-nal-deung-momtong-makki, which counts 10. The Chinese letter meaning ten is the form of the poomsae line, which signifies an infinite numbering of the decimal system and ceaseless development.
Poomsae JITAE
The word "Jitae" means a man standing on the ground with two feet, looking over the sky. A man on the earth represents the way of struggling for human life, such as kicking, trading and jumping on the ground. Therefore, the poomsae symbolizes various aspects occurring in the course of human being's struggle for existence. The new techniques introduced in this poomsae are han-son-nal-olgul-makki, keumkang-momtong-jireugi, and me-jumeok-yop-pyojeok-chigi only, and the poomsae line signified a man standing on earth to spring up toward the heaven.
Poomsae CHONKWON
The word "Chonkwon" means the Heaven's Great Mighty, which is the origin of all the creature and itself the cosmos. Its infinite competence signifies the creation, change and completion. Human beings have used the name of Heaven for all principal earthly shapes and meanings because they felt afraid of the Heaven's mighty. Over 4,000 years ago, the founder of the Korean people, "Hwanin" meant the heavenly King. He settled down in the "heavenly" town as the capital near the heavenly sea and heavenly mountain, where the Han people as the heavenly race gave birth to the proper through and action from which Taekwondo was originated. The poomsae Chunkwon is based on such sublime history and thoughts.
The new techniques introduced in thtis poomsae are nalgae-pyogi [wing opening], bam-jumeok-sosum-chigi [knuckle protruding fist springing chigi], hwidullo-makki [swinging makki], hwidullo-jabadangkigi [swinging and drawing], keumgang-yop-jireugi, taesan-milgi, etc., and a crouched walking manner.
The characteristics of movements are large actions and arm sections forming gentle curves, thus symbolizing the greatness of Chunkwon thought. The poomsae line "T" symbolizes a man coming down from the heaven, submitting to the will of Heaven, being endowed power by the Heaven and worshiping the Heaven, which means the oneness between the Heaven and a human being.
Poomsae HANSOO
The word "Hansoo" means water is the source of substance preserving the life and growing all the creatures. Hansu symbolizes birth of a life and growth, strength & weakness, magnanimity & harmony, and adaptability. Especially, "han" has the various meanings, namely, the name of a country, numerousness, largeness, evenness, length and even the heaven and the root of evening, among others. Above all, the above significances, is the background of organizing this poomsae.
The new techniques introduced in this poomsae are son-nal-deung-momtong-hecho-makki, me-jumeok-yang-yopkuri[both flanks]-chigi, kodureo-khaljaebi, an-palmok-arae- pyojeok-makki, son-nal-keumgang-makki, etc., and also modum-bal as a stance.
Actions should be practiced softly like water but continuously like a drop of water gathering to make an ocean. The poomsae line symbolizes the Chinese letter that means water.
Poomsae ILYEO
Ilyeo means the thought of a great Buddhist priest of Silla Dynasty, Saint Wonhyo, which is characterized by the philosophy of oneness of mind [spirit] and body [material]. It teaches that a point, a line or a circle ends up all in one. Therefore, the poomsae Ilyeo represents the harmonization of spirit and body, which is the essence of martial art, after a long training of various types of techniques and spiritual cultivation for completion of Taekwondo practice.
The new techniques introduced in this poomsae are son-nal-olgul-makki, wesanteul-yop-chagi, du-son-pyo[two opened hands]-bitureo-jabadangkigi [twisting and pulling], twio- yop-chagi and the first stance of ogeum[knee back]-hakdari-seogi. Jumbi-seogi is the bo-jumeok-moa-seogi [wrapped-up fist moa-seogi], in which, as the last step of poomsae training, two wrapped-up fists are placed in front of the chin, which has the significance of unification and moderation, so that the spiritual energy can flow freely into the body as well as the two hands. The line of poomsae symbolizes the Buddist mark [swastika], in commemoration of saint Wonhyo, which means a state of perfect selflessness in Buddhism where origin, substance and service come into congruity.
|
